A direct calculation of critical exponents of two-dimensional anisotropic Ising model

Using an exact solution of the one-dimensional (1D) quantum transverse-field Ising model (TFIM), we calculate the critical exponents of the two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic classical Ising model (IM). We verify that the exponents are the same as those of isotropic classical IM. Our approach provides an alternative means of obtaining and verifying these well-known results.Comment: 3 pages, no figures, accepted by Commun. Theor. Phys.(IPCAS

Event by Event Analysis and Entropy of Multiparticle Systems

The coincidence method of measuring the entropy of a system, proposed some time ago by Ma, is generalized to include systems out of equilibrium. It is suggested that the method can be adapted to analyze multiparticle states produced in high-energy collisions.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure

Burnout syndrome and depression among healthcare professionals in Maiduguri tertiary hospitals

Working in the Healthcare sector entails intensive work both physically and psychologically can exert intense psychological and physical pressures. The negative consequences of the stress associated with work in the health care sector pose serious problems not only to the caregivers but also to the quality of patient care. Defining the extent of this problem has value for the health worker and the patients overall well being. Objective: Determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome Depression among clinical staff and non-clinical staff in two tertiary hospitals in Maiduguri. Method: It is a comparative study to assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome and depression among clinical and non clinical staff in tertiary health institutions in Maiduguri. Data was collected using the Becks depression inventory and the Mashlach burnout inventory. Results: A total of 420 respondents were recruited for this study with both groups being matched for age and sex. A relatively high level of burnout was observed among the clinical staffs compared to the non clinical (21.5% versus 12.5%; χ =5.31, DF=185 p=0.021). Depression was however, found to be insignificantly higher among the clinical staffs (Twenty 20 (10.7%) vs. 14 (7.6%); χ2=1.096, DF=1, p-value 0.295). There was a significant 2relatedness between having burnout and depression (χ =7.238, DF=1, p=0.007). Conclusion: Burnout syndrome and depression are common among clinical staffs and there is relationship between depression and burnout syndrome. The negative consequences of this combination which is work related can have impact on the outcome of patient management. Findings call for detection and prevention of burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals in order to protect their wellbeing and that of the healthcare industry

Testing probability distributions underlying aggregated data

In this paper, we analyze and study a hybrid model for testing and learning probability distributions. Here, in addition to samples, the testing algorithm is provided with one of two different types of oracles to the unknown distribution $D$ over $[n]$. More precisely, we define both the dual and cumulative dual access models, in which the algorithm $A$ can both sample from $D$ and respectively, for any $i\in[n]$, - query the probability mass $D(i)$ (query access); or - get the total mass of $\{1,\dots,i\}$, i.e. $\sum_{j=1}^i D(j)$ (cumulative access) These two models, by generalizing the previously studied sampling and query oracle models, allow us to bypass the strong lower bounds established for a number of problems in these settings, while capturing several interesting aspects of these problems -- and providing new insight on the limitations of the models. Finally, we show that while the testing algorithms can be in most cases strictly more efficient, some tasks remain hard even with this additional power

Scaling in Relativistic Thomas-Fermi Approach for Nuclei

By using the scaling method we derive the virial theorem for the relativistic mean field model of nuclei treated in the Thomas-Fermi approach. The Thomas-Fermi solutions statisfy the stability condition against scaling. We apply the formalism to study the excitation energy of the breathing mode in finite nuclei with several relativistic parameter sets of common use.Comment: 13 page

Isospin influences on particle emission and critical phenomenon in nuclear dissociation

Features of particle emission and critical point behavior are investigated as functions of the isospin of disassembling sources and temperature at a moderate freeze-out density for medium-size Xe isotopes in the framework of isospin dependent lattice gas model. Multiplicities of emitted light particles, isotopic and isobaric ratios of light particles show the strong dependence on the isospin of the dissociation source, but double ratios of light isotope pairs and the critical temperature determined by the extreme values of some critical observables are insensitive to the isospin of the systems. Values of the power law parameter of cluster mass distribution, mean multiplicity of intermediate mass fragments ($IMF$), information entropy ($H$) and Campi's second moment ($S_2$) also show a minor dependence on the isospin of Xe isotopes at the critical point. In addition, the slopes of the average multiplicites of the neutrons ($N_n$), protons ($N_p$), charged particles ($N_{CP}$), and IMFs ($N_{imf}$), slopes of the largest fragment mass number ($A_{max}$), and the excitation energy per nucleon of the disassembling source ($E^*/A$) to temperature are investigated as well as variances of the distributions of $N_n$, $N_p$, $N_{CP}$, $N_{IMF}$, $A_{max}$ and $E^*/A$. It is found that they can be taken as additional judgements to the critical phenomena.Comment: 9 Pages, 8 figure

Griffiths Effects in Random Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic S=1 Chains

I consider the effects of enforced dimerization on random Heisenberg antiferromagnetic S=1 chains. I argue for the existence of novel Griffiths phases characterized by {\em two independent dynamical exponents} that vary continuously in these phases; one of the exponents controls the density of spin-1/2 degrees of freedom in the low-energy effective Hamiltonian, while the other controls the corresponding density of spin-1 degrees of freedom. Moreover, in one of these Griffiths phases, the system has very different low temperature behavior in two different parts of the phase which are separated from each other by a sharply defined crossover line; on one side of this crossover line, the system `looks' like a S=1 chain at low energies, while on the other side, it is best thought of as a $S=1/2$ chain. A strong-disorder RG analysis makes it possible to analytically obtain detailed information about the low temperature behavior of physical observables such as the susceptibility and the specific heat, as well as identify an experimentally accessible signature of this novel crossover.Comment: 16 pages, two-column PRB format; 5 figure

Closed genome and comparative phylogenetic analysis of the clinical multidrug resistant Shigella sonnei strain 866

Shigella sonneiis responsible for the majority of shigellosis infections in the US with over 500,000 cases reported annually. Here, wepresent the complete genome of the clinical multidrug resistant (MDR) strain 866, which is highly susceptible to bacteriophageinfections. The strain has a circular chromosome of 4.85 Mb and carries a 113 kb MDR plasmid. This IncB/O/K/Z-type plasmid, termedp866, confers resistance to five different classes of antibiotics including ß-lactamase, sulfonamide, tetracycline, aminoglycoside, andtrimethoprim. Comparative analysis of the plasmid architecture and gene inventory revealed that p866 shares its plasmid backbonewith previously described IncB/O/K/Z-typeShigellaspp. andEscherichiacoliplasmids, but is differentiated by the insertion of antibioticresistance cassettes, which we found associated with mobile genetic elements such as Tn3, Tn7, and Tn10. A whole genome-derivedphylogenetic reconstruction showed the evolutionary relationships ofS. sonneistrain 866 and the four establishedShigellaspecies,highlighting the clonal nature ofS. sonnei

Phase transition from a dx2−y2d_{x^2-y^2} to dx2−y2+dxyd_{x^2-y^2}+d_{xy} superconductor

We study the phase transition from a $d_{x^2-y^2}$ to $d_{x^2-y^2}+d_{xy}$ superconductor using the tight-binding model of two-dimensional cuprates. As the temperature is lowered past the critical temperature $T_c$, first a $d_{x^2-y^2}$ superconducting phase is created. With further reduction of temperature, the $d_{x^2-y^2}+d_{xy}$ phase is created at temperature $T=T_{c1}$. We study the temperature dependencies of the order parameter, specific heat and spin susceptibility in these mixed-angular-momentum states on square lattice and on a lattice with orthorhombic distortion. The above-mentioned phase transitions are identified by two jumps in specific heat at $T_c$ and $T_{c1}$.Comment: Latex file, 5 pages, 6 postscript figures, Accepted in Physical Review

BioDiVinE: A Framework for Parallel Analysis of Biological Models

In this paper a novel tool BioDiVinEfor parallel analysis of biological models is presented. The tool allows analysis of biological models specified in terms of a set of chemical reactions. Chemical reactions are transformed into a system of multi-affine differential equations. BioDiVinE employs techniques for finite discrete abstraction of the continuous state space. At that level, parallel analysis algorithms based on model checking are provided. In the paper, the key tool features are described and their application is demonstrated by means of a case study